William Goldings Choice Of Language Essay Example for Free

William Goldings Choice Of Language Essay William Goldings choice of language in this extract sets the scene on the island. He uses simple words such as leaped and dashed to show the swift movements of Ralph, which also create the dramatic action. They show the distress Ralph is in whilst he is on the run from Jacks savages and his desperation to survive. Simple phrases such as shied like a horse at the sound of shrills also dramatise upon the action. These show how frightened and nervous Ralph has become, as horses usually are frightened and terrified of most things (i. e. too many people) The quote Most he was beginning to dreadmaking a simpleton of him is also another example of imagery as it describes how his mind may go suddenly blank (idea of the curtain), losing any sense of what was happening around him the curtain that might waver in his brain The idea of the curtain gives the impression of that he isnt in a good state of mind, as he is on he is on the run for his life, and also been hunted down by Jacks tribe. William Golding also uses a war reference in the book which is quite ironic, as at the time he wrote the book he was horrified by the events of WWII the advancing line would pass without discovering him. It creates the image of WWII and the Jews on the run from the Nazis trying to hide away and not be caught. Linked to the story it shows the Ralph is like a Jew on the run from Jacks tribe (Nazi army) and how he is an outcast. The sentence structure is quite different throughout, as some sentences are short, whilst others long. The shorter sentences build upon the dramatic action as it shows very fast action taking place. For example when Ralph is on the run the sentences are very short, too signify fast action He flung himself down by some ferns and when Ralph is thinking to himself the sentences are very long possibly to signify the chains of thoughts Ralph has on avoiding death There was no Piggy to talk sense. There was no solemn assembly for debate nor dignity of the conch. Some sentences also vary in complexity as some just state simple facts whereas others use devices such as imagery, within them i.e. jeered up into a blanket of smoke The quote jeered up into a blanket of smoke uses imagery as the word blanket created the image of the island covered with smoke. This technique is used frequently to try and help the reader understand the situation and what the character/surroundings are like. Another example of imagery is when it says bars and splashes of sunlight flitted over him and sweat made glistening streaks on his dirty body This creates the image of the intense sunlight reflecting off him because off the sweat and also give the impression he has been on the run for some time hence dirty body The language that he uses also emphasises upon the dramatic action as he uses short, snappy phrases that gets the reader gripped and immediately aware of the situation shrill and inevitable, was the ululation sweeping across the island Overall William Golding uses a combination of effective techniques to make his novel more of a success. The effect of imagery makes the novel more exciting and the short phrases he uses also emphasises upon the dramatic action he had planned for his novel to have.

Assessment Interviews in Therapy

Assessment Interviews in Therapy SCREENING AND ASSESSMENT SOPHIA A. JOHNSON 1. Psychologist in Private Practice Client #1, who is a 28 year old, married, father of a 2 year old and a 6 month old infant, has been referred to our private practice by his office’s free counseling resources. He recently lost a job promotion and also feels overwhelmed at home with a new born baby and all the adjustments that comes with a newborn. No longer enjoys hanging out with friends or family, often refuses to get out of bed when he does not have to work. His wife is also finding it hard to get him to participate in the care of their children, he is no longer affectionate and loving as he once was. He is cynical, aggressive and pessimistic about things he would normally see the beauty in. Chief Complaint: I just cant seem to be happy with anything anymore. Im miserable and Im making everybody around me miserable. Assessment will be conducted by our in house psychologist. The contextual considerations that apply to this client is that decision regarding assessment is solely based on the consultation from the psychologist. This may impact the assessment plan as â€Å"the psychologist may question whether the treatment available in the psychological clinic is appropriate† (Groth-Marnat, p. 46), because they may have extensive medical problems, or possible need for inpatient treatment. As a means of getting to know and understand the client outside of regular observation during the initial interview, the psychologist could administer a personality assessment to aid in understanding the whole person, this will also help to identify any other underlying issues if client needs to be referred to another practitioner. One ethical concerns that could relate to the assessment process of this client is the security and usage of the information shared, privacy and confidentiality of data gathered during assessment process. Another ethical concern that may arise is the qualifications of the attending psychologist. According to the (BACB, 2010), â€Å"1.03 one must maintain competence in their area of expertise through professional development† in order to effectively serve and offer services. Client #2: 41 year old, recently divorced female with no children and high school education Chief Complaint: No matter what I do, I cannot relax, I am always stressing out about something. I feel like Im going crazy. Client #2 was referred to the private practice by her general practitioner to consult with our psychologist because her inability to relax has caused her blood pressure to rise and medication does not seem to be having an effect on bringing her numbers down. Changes to her pressure has seemed to increase during her divorce proceedings. She was not previously diagnosed as being hypertensive, however, hypertension does run in her family. Since her divorce she is concern about her financial future and blaming herself for her marriage ending. She has also been evaluation her chose in not returning to school to get a better education, she had hoped to start a family and then return to school after the children themselves had started school. All those dreams now seem so far away and her future looked empty and hopeless, she anxious and scared of what the future holds for her. The private practice contextual considerations are self or professional referral, sole decision makers are the client and the psychologist. Clients of this nature are usually self-referred and are trying to find release from some inner turmoil. The contextual consideration would impact a plan assessment for client #2, because extensive assessment is usually not required for these cases. However, the best method of gathering information would be through the use of interviews, which will be best conducted using the semi-structured method to allow the patient to share openly, but still allow the clinician to be able to focus on the required questions that must be asked to when conducting a functional assessment. Some ethical concerns that may affect client #2 is the test construction pertinent to the issues of this client, avoidance of harm and exploitation, â€Å"disclosures about exceptions to confidentiality† (Nagy, 2011); â€Å"invasion of privacy† and how much will be required to be shared and if shared how will the information be used and guarded once documented. 2. School Psychologist Client #1: 7-year-old second-grader from intact family that recently moved into the school district Referral Problems: academic difficulties related to reading and writing, social difficulties with peers. Our 7 year old second grader is part of a military family and moves around quiet often with his family. His father is an air force pilot and is often away for a long period of time, his mom also works. He receives love and attention when they are available but is often left on his own. He spends most of his time building toy planes because he hopes to someday be a pilot like his Dad. Contextual considerations for client #1 in this setting the decision to be assessed came from an educational setting as a referral by his teachers and school counselor. The decision was unified by a group who has his best interest at heart because they all believe he has the potential to excel. According to study conducted by (Sattler, 2001), when evaluating the extent and nature of a child’s learning difficulties the assessment process must be sensitive to the interactions, personality and characteristics of the child, as well as the expectations of those requesting the assessment† (Groth-Marnat, p. 44) In this setting an adult has to give consent for all assessment and determination for placement change. The individually oriented assessment is carried out through direct observation in the child’s natural environment. Other assessment methods that may be employed is the â€Å"WISC-III, Stanford Binet test for intellectual abilities† (Groth-Marnat, p. 44), observation of behavior and interactions with teachers and students will also be rated. Most importantly is the test administered must be appropriate for a 7 year-old. Ethical concerns are to ensure that no harm is done to the child, validity of test assessment data and use and release of assessment data. Labeling and restriction of freedom is also another ethical concern that may affect client #1 will the results impose any negative consequence that may affect his future or reinforce the behavior. Client #2: 17 -year-old high school student Referral Problems: failing grades, refused to follow course sequences, considering dropping out. This client recently lost a parent and no longer feels apart of her home school environment, her single parent is struggling financially and have decided that it may be best to move closer to family in another state. Contextual considerations for client #21 in this setting is the decision to be assessed came as a referral by his teachers and school guidance counselor. Consent from an adult is also need as the child is under 18 years of age. Ethical concern that may be of concern to client #2, Principle E: Respect for Peoples Rights and Dignity (Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, 2014), sharing of personal information gathered from the assessment with other teachers. Not because the client is underage, they can be forced to share thoughts they would otherwise prefer to keep hidden. Communication of test results is also of ethical concern, (Groth-Marnat) notes that feedback from the assessment must be presented in a clear, competent and understandable language for all to understand, without misinterpretation. While a structured interview strategy is most reliable, a semi-structured interview strategy will yield more information as it gives the client and clinician more of a free style to engage and share information that may not otherwise be noted on the questionnaire. The purpose of an assessment interview is to obtain authorization and to learn the client’s background history and any detail about the issue on hand, prior to embarking on an assessment plan. Verbal and face to face, using a semi-structured or structured format with the 17- year old high school student. Note taking and Recording of initial interview must be carried out Establish initial rapport Gather specific information, history and current and past school attendance and grades, family history History of problem Give the client an opportunity to ask questions and share information Plan of assessment for Client #1: 7-year-old second-grader. (Steege, 2009), believes that â€Å"decisions regarding the development and evaluation of interventions with students who exhibit problem behaviors should be based on objective and accurate information†. The most appropriate assessment for our 7-year old would be the Direct Descriptive FBA procedures Anecdotal and systematic observations Interval Recording Procedure (IRP) Extended functional analyses – â€Å"observation is carried out in the students natural environment, learning ability and interpersonal interaction is observed and measured† (Cooper 2007) (Groth-Marnat). Assessment of reinforcer preferences Using this method will help us to (1) identify and gather information relating to our 7 year-old; (2) assess the nature and quality of the his learning environment; (3) administer the comprehensive assessment battery of test that takes into consideration academic and intellectual abilities, over several minutes for up to 30 minutes, ; (4) identify and describe any interfering behaviors; (5) Document and log academic and social performance; (6) create an intervention plan that will enable our 7 year-old to increase his academic performance and social interactions. The value of using this method is the intervention plan that will be derived from the assessment will be focused on meeting the specific needs of our 7 year-old, by identify triggers, motivators and reinforcers, and using them to influence his actions and behavior in a positive and productive way. Functional assessment utilizes multiple tools to assess and develop a plan assessment that will investigate the academic ability of our client giving us an insight into his cognitive abilities and interpersonal skills, and because the data is real-time it is evidence-based and makes for effective and unbiased decision. References BACB. (2010, June). BACB Professional and Ethical Compliance Code. Retrieved from BACB Professional and Ethical Compliance Code: http://www.bacb.com/index.php?page=57 Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. (2014). Retrieved from American Psychological Association : http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/index.aspx Groth-Marnat, G. (n.d.). Hand Book of Psychological Assessment. EBSCO Publishing. Nagy, T. F. (2011). Essential Ethics for Psychologists. In T. F. Nagy, Ethics in Psychological Assessment (pp. 171-183). American Psychological Association. Steege, M. . (2009). Conducting school-based functional behavioralassessments:A practitioners guide(2nded.). New York, NY: TheGuilford Press.

Responsible Executive Compensation for a New Era of Accountability Essa

Compensation and the Chief Executive Officer Executive compensation has come under increasing scrutiny in recent literature in the wake of the growing publicity surrounding managerial failures and executive self-interest. Financial experts have long been examining the problem of aligning the performance of executives with their salaries and benefits. Public discontent with the visible top-heaviness of the compensation structure has brought this issue into the spotlight throughout the business world. Experts point to the flaws of traditional payment schemes and offer a number of different solutions. Shareholder value and the success of the firm can be significantly affected by executive performance. Hence, understanding the advantages and costs of the current trends in executive compensation is crucial to the compensation committee of a Fortune 500 corporation. The compensation committee has a difficult task upon its shoulders. It must construct pay programs that attract and retain the best talent to address the individual organization’s needs. It must design a strategy that generates superior returns for investors, appropriately measure managerial performance, and institute a pay practice which is fair to both employees and shareholders and which really drives business results (Mercer p.4). There is abundant theory and research on the strategies thought to accomplish these goals, and the emerging trends in executive compensation seem to be highly successful. The growing public criticisms of ultra-high executive pay are not unfounded. According to Mr. Meizhu Lui, â€Å"the ratio of CEO pay as a multiple of average worker pay has grown tremendously, from 41 to 1 in 1960 to 411 to 1... ...an Resource Consulting. (Jan. 26, 2004). â€Å"Responsible Executive Compensation for a New Era of Accountability.† Perspective. Retrieved October 14, 2006, from http://www.mercerHR.com/responsibleEC Mercer Human Resource Consulting. (Aug. 9, 2004.). Tackling the Challenge of Aligning Pay with Performance. Perspective. Retrieved October 14, 2006, from http://www.mercerHR.com/perspective. Parrino, Robert. (2002). Rewrapping the package: Managerial incentives and corporate governance. Texas Business Review, 1(5). Retrieved Sept. 27, 2006, from the Business & Company Resource Center database. Traichal, Patrick A., George W. Gallinger, and Steve A. Johnson. (1999). The relationship between pay-for-performance contracting and external monitoring. Managerial Finance, 68(21). Retrieved Sept. 27, 2006, from the Business & Company Resource Center database.

Essay --

Supply chain visibility, a term that like two sides of coin brings with it potential for tremendously improved supply chain performance on one side and a level of vagueness & uncertainty on other side. The concept of supply chain visibility in late 1990’s and is still new to many organizations. Art Mesher, then an analyst at Gartner gave the concept of â€Å"The 3V’s of supply chain†. The 3 V’s of supply chain stands for velocity, variability and visibility. Corporates and companies have worked upon the velocity and variability of supply chain but still have very little understanding of visibility. Visibility not only means on-shelf inventory but also means inventory piled up at all levels of supply chain including in transit inventory and inventory piled up across company’s network. Visibility allows concerned people in supply chain to forecast problems before they occur and taken necessary steps to avoid expense in the real time. Two drivers of this savings through visibility come from PO lifecycle and ASN (Advanced Shipped Notice, Inventory) accuracy. Figure Source: Supply Chain Digest Letter, April 2012 Supply Chain Visibility Vectors – A case of Reliance Fresh Visibility vectors are basically the factors that affect the visibility of products and services across various layers of organization’s network. We will take the case of Reliance fresh stores as example for better understanding of supply chain vectors. There can be seven major vectors which are as follows:- (a) Demand Management (b) Supply Management (c) International Sourcing (d) Domestic Sourcing (e) Inventory (f) Distribution and Logistics (g) Risk Management Demand Management Proper demand management with proper demand forecasting based on ... ...here are different logistics partners even within the same cities. It makes difficult to estimate the in transit inventory. There is no sharing of data between logistics partners which makes demand and supply estimation more difficult. Earlier Reliance had a dedicated Reliance Logistics as their logistics partner but it could not survive for long. There should be uniform dedicated logistics partner at least on city level as it will increase the response time and information can easily be shared about the demand and supply. Risk Management Constant review of risk management and mitigation plan both at strategic and tactical level should be done depending upon the degree of risk involved in the business and the nature of the product. Based on the above mentioned secondary research, the following supply chain visibility matrix for Reliance Fresh has been suggested.

Finding Happiness in Great Expectations :: Great Expectations Essays

Finding Happiness in Great Expectations    Great Expectations is a coming of age novel. This novel is a story of Pip and his initial dreams and resulting disappointments that eventually lead him to becoming a genuinely good man. During his journey into adulthood, Pip comes to realize two diverse concepts of being a gentleman and he comes to find the real gentlemen in his life aren't the people he had thought.    Encouraged by Mrs. Joe and Pumblechook, as a child Pip entertains fantasies of becoming a gentleman. In the eyes of Pip a gentleman is to be wealthy, educated and have a high class, thus Pip's desires. In his mind, Pip has connected the ideas of moral, social, and educational advancement so that each depends on the others. The coarse and cruel Drummle, a member of the upper class, provides Pip with proof that social advancement has no inherent connection to intelligence or moral worth. Drummle is a lout who has inherited immense wealth, while Pip's friend and brother-in-law Joe is a good man who works hard for the little he earns.    Significantly Pip's life as a gentleman is no more satisfying--and certainly no more moral--than his previous life as a blacksmith's apprentice. Pip's desires for educational improvement have deep connections to his social ambition and longing to marry Estella: a full education is a requirement of being a gentleman so he thinks. As long as he is an ignorant country boy, he has no hope of social advancement. Pip understands this fact as a child, when he learns to read at Mr.    Wopsle's aunt's school, and as a young man, when he takes lessons from Matthew Pocket. Ultimately, through the examples of Joe, Biddy, and Magwitch, Pip learns that social and educational improvement are irrelevant to one's real worth and that conscience and affection are to be valued above sophistication and social standing. This new understanding shows Pip who the real gentlemen are.    As Pip grows in age he grows in wisdom and his true identity unfolds as he discovers what it means to be a gentleman. When Pip was young, he knew only of the stereotypical figures of a gentleman. However, Pip comes to the realization that wealth and class are less important than affection, loyalty, and inner worth.

The Seven Phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle

COMPUTERIZED PAYROLL SYSTEM FOR TURNSHOP (A SUPERMARKET) PURPOSE AND PROBLEM(Initiation): Firstly the purpose of this system is to help Turnshop to solve it problem in the running of it accounting department which the whole company relies on it, so that they can have accurate, reliable and fast processing of their payroll system in the company.For now the payroll system of the company is process manually and since there are 2000 employees and more actives of the company it make it very hard and tedious to accomplish this task in the company, it also cause a high room for errors, overtime, resources and money and it will help the company a lot if they have a computerized payroll system (CPS). PlANNING The cost of the computerized payroll system (CPS) is about 50,000 Ghana cedis. since we will install a two new severs for them to handle most of most of their data, one of the sever will act as a recovery and the other works as the main.And also the cost will include a free demonstration and practical tutorial for the accounting staff in TURNSHOP as well with three (3) months training using the computerized payroll system (CPS). we will help during the period of transition. It will be a user friendly and easy to install and use. 1. Since the company already has some hardware requirements already this can be use for the computerized payroll system(CPS) ,so we only need to install the software on the computers and laptops in the company and link them to the sever.SAP solutions will be installed to provide the company-wide accessibility so that they can accelerate an accurate financial closing cycle at any level. This will provide the business management solutions through the financial record of the employees and the management of finance in the company such The Detailed Employee List contains all the pay, deduction, benefit, state, And local tax codes, and monthly, quarterly, and yearly totals for each Employee. The report also provides wage and withholding informati on.Print the Detailed Employee List to review all the employee records That is set up in Payroll. It will eliminate the manual payroll and transaction system in the company which is time consuming and also there is a bigger chance of having errors. FLOWCHART FOR THE EMPLOYEE PAYROLL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTANLAYSIS Beginning the payroll process for the company starts with obtaining the proper documentation from employees. The human-resources department and the accountant department will need to forward an internal form or a copy of the accepted-offer letter complete with the appropriate paperwork to us.Once this process is verified as finished, recording of employee information can begin and designing and deploying for the payroll period can start. Question will be also ask and it will be both open and close questions, to help us get the full understanding of how the payroll works in the company. For example What is salary package in the organization? How the salaried will be paid? How do they calculate the local tax codes, and monthly, quarterly, and yearly totals? And many more DESIGN STAGE OF THE SYSTEMIn the design the organization system will be targeting a hierarchy as follows: Company -> Cluster -> Business Unit (BU) -> Department -> Employee, The salary for an employee is made up of various salary components. Each salary component has 3 rules associated with it, a Calculation Rule (Calculate component as percentage of another component, or percentage of a fixed number or a fixed number), an Eligibility Rule (whether an Employee/Dept is eligible for a component) and a Constraint Rule which limits the maximum and minimum of a component. These rules are editable and can be edited by a user end user.Also these rules are inherited top-down, but if defined at a lower level, the lower level rule takes precedence. The database will contain Attendance, Leaves, Bonuses tables and these rules are also supposed to interact with each of the tables. The client will be gen erating payroll for multiple clients each hosting a Separate Database instance. They may each have a different interpretation of each component and may have different components. We are only looking to support SQL Server, and payroll generation will be an offline activity and also an online activity in some instant.It will work upon where to put the logic which uses these rules to generate the individual tax components (which will include Tax Deductions, Tax Write-offs, Allowances, etc). The system will take an employee Id and generate a payroll for that month. The order of our priorities is: 1. The ability to adapt changes to new clients quickly 2. Long term maintainability 3. Performance 1 and 2 outweigh 3 here by a large factor as this will be an offline activity. Maintainability and Quick Customizability are very important; we will be deploying the application for different clients.Client A may have a Salary Component Rule as ((0. 3 * Basic) + 800) and Client B as (0. 2 * Basic) + (0. 1 * Attendance Bonus) Also report on the payroll will be created in this stage. DEVELOPMENT STAGE After the System Design it leads to Development where the information system is built and programmed. Here we develop all the necessary ideas we got through the requirement stage and the design stage and send them a prototype so that they can try and gives us the feedback, also this phase where the bugs are worked out of the system. A contingency plan is also developed at this point.A contingency plan is an emergency management document. If the power goes out – what happens to the system? What is the back up? How fast can it be brought back up to speed? INTEGRATION AND TESTING STAGE This is the formal integration and testing of the system. Testing has been done on the development phase, but in the Integration and Testing Phase it is a formal, documented testing procedure, not only to assure that the system performs as designed, but testing the roll-out of the system. If th ere is already another system in place with data, how fast can that data be migrated into the new system and useable to the company?Usually, the system is rolled-out over a weekend so that if anything goes wrong, the old system is still active and available. Integration and Testing is vital for the decision to go with the new system, trusted to the system. Also In this stage the functionality of the individual sub systems in the payroll are tested to ensure proper operation. After successful testing of each subsystem the entire system of the payroll is tested to ensure all subsystems work together properly and so that an employees can check every information on his or her payroll.

Attraction, Gender Roles, and Homosexuality: an Analysis of Brokeback Mountain

In this paper, I will identify examples from the film Brokeback Mountain that exemplify concepts of human sexuality – specifically, attraction; gender roles and socialization; and sexual orientation – in attempts to discuss the accurate portrayal of the concept within the scene, in concordance with known research findings regarding the aforementioned topics. In Brokeback Mountain, Ennis Del Mar and Jack Twist are two young men living a pastoral life as cowboys/ranch hands; they meet each other for the first time in 1963 in Wyoming, to undertake a sheep herding job for the summer. Their employer’s one rule for them while up on Brokeback Mountain is that one of them has to stay with the sheep out in the fields overnight, and the other can stay at camp. After spending several weeks together enduring the job’s hardships, and with only each other for company, they slowly begin to build a relationship. While at first their relationship is platonic, it eventually evolves into a romantic one; Brokeback Mountain depicts in depth the struggles and complications – both internal and external – Jack and Ennis must deal with throughout the entirety of their relationship. Attraction Because Ennis lives the stereotypical cowboy lifestyle, he frequently tends to keep to himself; he has experienced many hardships throughout his lifetime, and is not prone to be particularly conversational. Jack, on the other hand, is easy-going and carefree; his ambitions in life to become a rodeo cowboy have helped him to develop into a loquacious individual – these personality characteristics are illustrated through Jack and Ennis’s first interactions with each other while up on Brokeback Mountain. While at first Jack and Ennis seem like polar opposites, by spending so much time together while herding sheep, it allows them to open up to and identify with each other, and to see that they both feel isolated from society – just to ifferent extents. According to the mere-exposure effect (Saegert et al. , 1973; cited in Hyde & Delamater, 2008), Jack and Ennis’s repeated exposure to one another â€Å"[lead] to greater liking for [each other]† (Bornstein, 1989; cited in Hyde & Delamater, 2008, p. 283). This consistently repeated exposure led to Jack and Ennis being able to build rapport amongst themselves, and help them realize that they are alike in many respects. Homophily, the inclination to be surrounded by and to have contact with people who are similar to ourselves in social status (Hyde & Delamater, 2008), also lends itself well to Jack and Ennis’s relationship, in that, we tend to like people who are similar to ourselves, because they help to positively reaffirm our self-image (Hudson and Levinger, 1978; cited in Hyde & Delamater, 2008). Although Jack and Ennis would consistently butt heads about how to do things, they eventually grew to like each other – albeit, platonically at first – because they felt as if they grew to know and understand one another. Gender Roles and Socialization Socialization, a method in which a society expresses accepted norms and expectations of an individual (Hyde & Delamater, 2008), is very important in that, it provides an avenue for individuals come to know about gender roles and stereotypes. Via socialization, both Jack and Ennis learned of their expected gender roles, or â€Å"a set of†¦ culturally defined expectations, that define how people of one gender ought to behave† (Hyde & Delamater, 2008, pg. 314). For example, Ennis has been socialized to believe that men are supposed to be masculine, stoic, and composed; however, developing homoerotic feelings for, and engaging in homosexual relations with Jack, are contrary to Ennis’s culturally-defined gender role of a man. After their sheep-herding job is done, and the protagonists part ways, Ennis, unable to adequately comprehend and deal with everything that has happened to him while up on Brokeback Mountain, breaks down in self-disgust, because these events have caused him to question his masculinity, a key part of his identity. Ennis, attempting to reassert his masculinity, tries to preserve it by waiting until he has privacy (running into a deserted alley way) to act out – because socialization has taught him that men do not act on or display their emotions; upon discovering that he is being observed by another, he defensively (and instinctually) lashes out in rage, like any heterosexual man would be expected to do. Sexual Orientation Throughout the film, various situations arise in which both Jack and Ennis attempt to define their sexual orientation. Initially, we are lead to assume that both Jack and Ennis identify as heterosexual – Ennis is engaged and is due to be married once he finishes the herding job on Brokeback Mountain, and we also assume that Jack is heterosexual, the reason for this being that straight is the sexuality that is most commonly associated with his chosen profession (although there are some moments in which we may question this assumption about Jack; for example, when he and Ennis first meet, Jack continuously checks Ennis out, attempting to do so discreetly while shaving). While up on Brokeback Mountain, however, we get more in-depth insight about both Jack and Ennis’s sexuality. After becoming extremely intoxicated one evening, Ennis decides to sleep at camp (instead of with the sheep); Jack convinces Ennis to sleep in the tent with him to avoid the cold, and Jack reaches over and uses Ennis’s hand to stimulate himself. Ennis, still intoxicated and sleep-drunk, is confused about what is happening – once Jack clearly asserts what he’s trying to do, Ennis initially resists him, but eventually succumbs, and Ennis engages in his first homosexual experience. Ennis realizes something about his relations with Jack are â€Å"right†, and continue – although hesitantly at first – to engage in them. Jack, who initiated the homosexual relations, could be placed in one of two categories regarding his sexuality: as bisexual, in that his gender orientation is geared towards both genders, or conversely as a situational homosexual. Situational homosexuality also helps to explain the late-immergence and occurrence of homosexuality in Ennis; in situational homosexuality – or deprivation homosexuality – a person who identifies as heterosexual may engage in homosexuality activity, due to fact that they are in situations in which they are deprived of their regular heterosexual activity (Hyde & Delamater, 2008, p. 361) [1]; while being away from other individuals for months at a time while on herding jobs, Jack may have turned to heterosexual activity, in order to satiate his need for sexual activity. Conclusion Throughout this paper, I have provided examples in which three specific concepts of human sexuality – attraction, gender roles and socialization, and sexual orientation – are portrayed in the film Brokeback Mountain. Although media tends to dramatize individuals’ experiences regarding human sexuality, through this film, we get glimpses into the interpersonal journeys of Jack Twist and Ennis Del Mar, two men who struggle not only with coming to terms with their own sexual identity, but who also struggle with the development and maintenance of their relationship and love for one another, spanning throughout their adulthood years. Although Jack and Ennis’s relationship is not â€Å"stereotypical† (for both men and women, heterosexual and homosexual alike), from it, we can take away from their relationship that, regardless of one’s sexual orientation and/or preference, we all experience the same struggles regarding human sexuality, to some degree or aspect. [1] It is later revealed throughout the film, that Jack is, indeed, most likely bisexual. For example, some time after Jack and Ennis have parted ways after the herding job on Brokeback Mountain, he meets Lureen Newsome. Both highly attracted to each other, they engage in sexual intercourse, which consequently results in Lureen’s pregnancy, and Lureen and Jack’s marriage. However, throughout the year, Jack still maintains his relationship with Ennis, and admits that he has been to Mexico, to engage in homosexual relations.